Paper 2026/636
From LFSRs to LFGs: Periodicity and Structural Transformations in Stream Ciphers
, Centre for Artificial Intelligence and RoboticsAbstract
Feedback shift registers, such as Linear Feedback Shift Registers (LFSRs), Multi-Recursive Matrix Methods (MRMMs), and Lagged Fibonacci Generators (LFGs), are fundamental components in stream cipher-based cryptographic systems. In this paper, we investigate systems composed of LFSRs under two distinct configurations. First, we study the cascade connection of LFSRs and demonstrate that it represents a special case of the first configuration. Under specific conditions, we derive the exact period of these cascaded systems. Second, we analyze a system comprising two LFSRs in the second configuration, where carry bits are introduced into the feedback computation of the second LFSR. We examine the periodicity of both the carry bits and the overall system. Furthermore, we generalize this construction to word size $m$, and show that an additive LFG can be represented by an equivalent system of LFSRs. This approach enables efficient LFG implementation in resource-constrained environments by using multiple LFSRs and a simple adder, thus eliminating the need for large word sizes.
Metadata
- Available format(s)
-
PDF
- Category
- Secret-key cryptography
- Publication info
- Preprint.
- Keywords
- Linear Feedback Shift RegisterAdditive Lagged Fibonacci GeneratorPeriodicityStream Cipher
- Contact author(s)
-
shivaramakn1 @ gmail com
skbishoi @ gmail com
vadiraja bhatta @ manipal edu
matyas @ fi muni cz - History
- 2026-04-04: approved
- 2026-04-01: received
- See all versions
- Short URL
- https://ia.cr/2026/636
- License
-
CC BY
BibTeX
@misc{cryptoeprint:2026/636,
author = {Shivarama K. N and Susil Kumar Bishoi and Vadiraja Bhatta G. R. and Vashek Matyas},
title = {From {LFSRs} to {LFGs}: Periodicity and Structural Transformations in Stream Ciphers},
howpublished = {Cryptology {ePrint} Archive, Paper 2026/636},
year = {2026},
url = {https://eprint.iacr.org/2026/636}
}
