Paper 2026/141

Minimizing Mempool Dependency in PoW Mining on Blockchain: A Paradigm Shift with Compressed Block Representation for Enhanced Scalability, Decentralization and Security.

Abstract

While existing Proof-of-Work (PoW) based blockchain protocols have demonstrated innovative potential, they face inherent limitations regarding scalability, efficiency, and decentralization. The compact block propagation method, though effective in reducing network bandwidth and propagation delay in ideal environments, suffers from performance degradation due to mempool inconsistencies among nodes. This paper proposes a novel block propagation and consensus protocol that mitigates the blockchain's dependency on mempool synchronization. The proposed approach redefines the PoW process to shorten the time to consensus despite increased block sizes. Specifically, it includes a compressed transaction input ID list within the compact block to induce nodes to immediately begin mining without full verification. The full verification of transactions adopts a 'delayed verification' method, performed in parallel with the mining operation. This study enables the processing of more transactions quickly while maintaining the decentralization and security of Bitcoin (e.g., achieving approximately 66.7 TPS with 10MB blocks).

Note: Theorem 1 and its corresponding proof have been fundamentally reconstructed to eliminate the unstated notation deficits and logical gaps found in the previous version.