Paper 2025/540

Tangram: Encryption-friendly SNARK framework under Pedersen committed engines

Gweonho Jeong, Hanyang University
Myeongkyun Moon, Hanyang University
Geonho Yoon, Hanyang University
Hyunok Oh, Hanyang University, Zkrypto Inc
Jihye Kim, Kookmin University, Zkrypto Inc
Abstract

SNARKs are frequently used to prove encryption, yet the circuit size often becomes large due to the intricate operations inherent in encryption. It entails considerable computational overhead for a prover and can also lead to an increase in the size of the public parameters (e.g., evaluation key). We propose an encryption-friendly SNARK framework, , which allows anyone to construct a system by using their desired encryption and proof system. Our approach revises existing encryption schemes to produce Pedersen-like ciphertext, including identity-based, hierarchical identity-based, and attribute-based encryption. Afterward, to prove the knowledge of the encryption, we utilize a modular manner of commit-and-prove SNARKs, which uses commitment as a `bridge'. With our framework, one can prove encryption significantly faster than proving the whole encryption within the circuit. We implement various gadgets and evaluate their performance. Our results show 12x - 3500x times better performance than encryption-in-the-circuit.

Metadata
Available format(s)
PDF
Category
Cryptographic protocols
Publication info
Preprint.
Keywords
zk-SNARKsPedersen commitmentEncryptionCP-SNARK
Contact author(s)
kwonhojeong @ hanyang ac kr
civilization @ hanyang ac kr
geonho @ hanyang ac kr
hoh @ hanyang ac kr
jihyek @ kookmin ac kr
History
2025-03-25: approved
2025-03-24: received
See all versions
Short URL
https://ia.cr/2025/540
License
Creative Commons Attribution
CC BY

BibTeX

@misc{cryptoeprint:2025/540,
      author = {Gweonho Jeong and Myeongkyun Moon and Geonho Yoon and Hyunok Oh and Jihye Kim},
      title = {Tangram: Encryption-friendly {SNARK} framework under Pedersen committed engines},
      howpublished = {Cryptology {ePrint} Archive, Paper 2025/540},
      year = {2025},
      url = {https://eprint.iacr.org/2025/540}
}
Note: In order to protect the privacy of readers, eprint.iacr.org does not use cookies or embedded third party content.