Quantum Public-Key Encryption with Tamper-Resilient Public Keys from One-Way Functions

Fuyuki Kitagawa; Tomoyuki Morimae; Ryo Nishimaki; Takashi Yamakawa

Paper 2023/490

Quantum Public-Key Encryption with Tamper-Resilient Public Keys from One-Way Functions

Fuyuki Kitagawa, NTT Social Informatics Laboratories

Tomoyuki Morimae, Kyoto University

Ryo Nishimaki, NTT Social Informatics Laboratories

Takashi Yamakawa, NTT Social Informatics Laboratories, Kyoto University

Abstract

We construct quantum public-key encryption from one-way functions. In our construction, public keys are quantum, but ciphertexts are classical. Quantum public-key encryption from one-way functions (or weaker primitives such as pseudorandom function-like states) are also proposed in some recent works [Morimae-Yamakawa, eprint:2022/1336; Coladangelo, eprint:2023/282; Barooti-Grilo-Malavolta-Sattath-Vu-Walter, eprint:2023/877]. However, they have a huge drawback: they are secure only when quantum public keys can be transmitted to the sender (who runs the encryption algorithm) without being tampered with by the adversary, which seems to require unsatisfactory physical setup assumptions such as secure quantum channels. Our construction is free from such a drawback: it guarantees the secrecy of the encrypted messages even if we assume only unauthenticated quantum channels. Thus, the encryption is done with adversarially tampered quantum public keys. Our construction is the first quantum public-key encryption that achieves the goal of classical public-key encryption, namely, to establish secure communication over insecure channels, based only on one-way functions. Moreover, we show a generic compiler to upgrade security against chosen plaintext attacks (CPA security) into security against chosen ciphertext attacks (CCA security) only using one-way functions. As a result, we obtain CCA secure quantum public-key encryption based only on one-way functions.

Note: Adding CPA-to-CCA transformation.

Metadata

Available format(s): PDF
Category: Foundations
Publication info: Preprint.
Keywords: Quantum public-key encryption CPA-to-CCA
Contact author(s): fuyuki kitagawa @ ntt com
tomoyuki morimae @ yukawa kyoto-u ac jp
ryo nishimaki @ ntt com
takashi yamakawa @ ntt com
History: 2023-11-15: last of 2 revisions; 2023-04-04: received; See all versions
Short URL: https://ia.cr/2023/490
License: CC BY

BibTeX

@misc{cryptoeprint:2023/490,
      author = {Fuyuki Kitagawa and Tomoyuki Morimae and Ryo Nishimaki and Takashi Yamakawa},
      title = {Quantum Public-Key Encryption with Tamper-Resilient Public Keys from One-Way Functions},
      howpublished = {Cryptology ePrint Archive, Paper 2023/490},
      year = {2023},
      note = {\url{https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/490}},
      url = {https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/490}
}