Paper 2023/1620
Commitments from Quantum One-Wayness
, University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignAbstract
One-way functions are central to classical cryptography. They are both necessary for the existence of non-trivial classical cryptosystems, and sufficient to realize meaningful primitives including commitments, pseudorandom generators and digital signatures. At the same time, a mounting body of evidence suggests that assumptions even weaker than one-way functions may suffice for many cryptographic tasks of interest in a quantum world, including bit commitments and secure multi-party computation. This work studies one-way state generators [Morimae-Yamakawa, CRYPTO 2022], a natural quantum relaxation of one-way functions. Given a secret key, a one-way state generator outputs a hard to invert quantum state. A fundamental question is whether this type of quantum one-wayness suffices to realize quantum cryptography. We obtain an affirmative answer to this question by proving that one-way state generators with pure state outputs imply quantum bit commitments and secure multiparty computation. Along the way, we build an intermediate primitive with classical outputs, which we call a (quantum) one-way puzzle. Our main technical contribution is a proof that one-way puzzles imply quantum bit commitments.
Note: Minor updates to the proof of Claim 4.2
Metadata
- Available format(s)
-
PDF
- Category
- Foundations
- Publication info
- Preprint.
- Keywords
- quantumcommitmentone-way statespseudorandom
- Contact author(s)
-
dakshita @ illinois edu
ktomer2 @ illinois edu - History
- 2024-01-29: last of 2 revisions
- 2023-10-19: received
- See all versions
- Short URL
- https://ia.cr/2023/1620
- License
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CC BY
BibTeX
@misc{cryptoeprint:2023/1620,
author = {Dakshita Khurana and Kabir Tomer},
title = {Commitments from Quantum One-Wayness},
howpublished = {Cryptology {ePrint} Archive, Paper 2023/1620},
year = {2023},
url = {https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/1620}
}
