## Cryptology ePrint Archive: Report 2022/024

Bootstrapping for Approximate Homomorphic Encryption with Negligible Failure-Probability by Using Sparse-Secret Encapsulation

Jean-Philippe Bossuat and Juan Ramón Troncoso-Pastoriza and Jean-Pierre Hubaux

Abstract: Bootstrapping parameters for the approximate homomorphic-encryption scheme of Cheon et al., CKKS (Asiacrypt 17), are usually instantiated using sparse secrets to be efficient. However, using sparse secrets constrains the range of practical parameters within a tight interval, as they must support a large enough depth for the bootstrapping circuit but also be secure with respect to the sparsity of their secret.

We present a bootstrapping procedure for the CKKS scheme that combines both dense and sparse secrets. Our construction enables the use of parameters for which the homomorphic capacity is based on a dense secret, yet with a bootstrapping complexity that remains the one of a sparse secret and with a large security margin. Moreover, this also enables us to easily parameterize the bootstrapping circuit so that it has a negligible failure probability that, to the best of our knowledge, has never been achieved for the CKKS scheme. When using the parameters of previous works, our bootstrapping procedures enables a faster procedure with an increased precision and lower failure probability. For example we are able to bootstrapp a plaintext of $\mathbb{C}^{32768}$ in 20.2 sec, with 32.11 bits of precision, 285 bits of modulus remaining, a failure probability of $2^{-138.7}$ and 128 bit security.

Category / Keywords: public-key cryptography / Fully Homomorphic Encryption, Bootstrapping, Implementation

Date: received 7 Jan 2022, last revised 14 Jan 2022

Contact author: jean-philippe at tuneinsight com

Available format(s): PDF | BibTeX Citation

Note: Updated to the submitted version.

Short URL: ia.cr/2022/024

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