## Cryptology ePrint Archive: Report 2019/638

On the Distribution of Quadratic Residues and Non-residues Modulo Composite Integers and Applications to Cryptography

Ferucio Laurentiu Tiplea and Sorin Iftene and George Teseleanu and Anca-Maria Nica

Abstract: We develop exact formulas for the distribution of quadratic residues and non-residues in sets of the form $a+X=\{(a+x)\bmod n\mid x\in X\}$, where $n$ is a prime or the product of two primes and $X$ is a subset of integers with given Jacobi symbols modulo prime factors of $n$. We then present applications of these formulas to Cocks' identity-based encryption scheme and statistical indistinguishability.

Category / Keywords: public-key cryptography / Jacobi symbol, probability distribution, statistical distance, identity-based encryption

Original Publication (with minor differences): Applied Mathematics and Computation

Date: received 2 Jun 2019, last revised 15 Mar 2022

Contact author: ferucio tiplea at uaic ro, siftene2013 at gmail com, george teseleanu at yahoo com, meinsta at yahoo com

Available format(s): PDF | BibTeX Citation

Short URL: ia.cr/2019/638

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