Paper 2019/160

FPGA-based High-Performance Parallel Architecture for Homomorphic Computing on Encrypted Data

Sujoy Sinha Roy, Furkan Turan, Kimmo Jarvinen, Frederik Vercauteren, and Ingrid Verbauwhede

Abstract

Homomorphic encryption is a tool that enables computation on encrypted data and thus has applications in privacy-preserving cloud computing. Though conceptually amazing, implementation of homomorphic encryption is very challenging and typically software implementations on general purpose computers are extremely slow. In this paper we present our year long effort to design a domain specific architecture in a heterogeneous Arm+FPGA platform to accelerate homomorphic computing on encrypted data. We design a custom co-processor for the computationally expensive operations of the well-known Fan-Vercauteren (FV) homomorphic encryption scheme on the FPGA, and make the Arm processor a server for executing different homomorphic applications in the cloud, using this FPGA-based co-processor. We use the most recent arithmetic and algorithmic optimization techniques and perform designspace exploration on different levels of the implementation hierarchy. In particular we apply circuit-level and block-level pipeline strategies to boost the clock frequency and increase the throughput respectively. To reduce computation latency, we use parallel processing at all levels. Starting from the highly optimized building blocks, we gradually build our multi-core multi-processor architecture for computing. We implemented and tested our optimized domain specific programmable architecture on a single Xilinx Zynq UltraScale+ MPSoC ZCU102 Evaluation Kit. At 200 MHz FPGA-clock, our implementation achieves over 13x speedup with respect to a highly optimized software implementation of the FV homomorphic encryption scheme on an Intel i5 processor running at 1.8 GHz.

Metadata
Available format(s)
PDF
Category
Implementation
Publication info
Published elsewhere. HPCA
Keywords
-Cloud computingprivacy in cloud computinghomomorphic encryptionFV homomorphic encryptionlatticebased cryptographypolynomial multiplicationnumber theoretic transformdomain specific acceleratorhardware accelerator
Contact author(s)
s sinharoy @ cs bham ac uk
History
2019-02-20: received
Short URL
https://ia.cr/2019/160
License
Creative Commons Attribution
CC BY

BibTeX

@misc{cryptoeprint:2019/160,
      author = {Sujoy Sinha Roy and Furkan Turan and Kimmo Jarvinen and Frederik Vercauteren and Ingrid Verbauwhede},
      title = {FPGA-based High-Performance Parallel Architecture for Homomorphic Computing on Encrypted Data},
      howpublished = {Cryptology ePrint Archive, Paper 2019/160},
      year = {2019},
      note = {\url{https://eprint.iacr.org/2019/160}},
      url = {https://eprint.iacr.org/2019/160}
}
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