Paper 2017/135

Hashing Garbled Circuits for Free

Xiong Fan, Chaya Ganesh, and Vladimir Kolesnikov

Abstract

We introduce {\em Free Hash}, a new approach to generating Garbled Circuit (GC) hash at no extra cost during GC generation. This is in contrast with state-of-the-art approaches, which hash GCs at computational cost of up to $6\times$ of GC generation. GC hashing is at the core of the cut-and-choose technique of GC-based secure function evaluation (SFE). Our main idea is to intertwine hash generation/verification with GC generation and evaluation. While we {\em allow} an adversary to generate a GC $\widehat{\GC}$ whose hash collides with an honestly generated $\GC$, such a $\widehat{\GC}$ w.h.p. will fail evaluation and cheating will be discovered. Our GC hash is simply a (slightly modified) XOR of all the gate table rows of GC. It is compatible with Free XOR and half-gates garbling, and can be made to work with many cut-and-choose SFE protocols. With today's network speeds being not far behind hardware-assisted fixed-key garbling throughput, eliminating the GC hashing cost will significantly improve SFE performance. Our estimates show substantial cost reduction in typical settings, and up to factor $6$ in specialized applications relying on GC hashes. We implemented GC hashing algorithm and report on its performance.

Note: Updated the paper to reflect recent result by Guo et al., which affects Free Hash.

Metadata
Available format(s)
PDF
Publication info
A minor revision of an IACR publication in EUROCRYPT 2017
Keywords
garbled circuitshashingsecure computationcut-and-choose
Contact author(s)
xfan @ cs cornell edu
chaya ganesh @ gmail com
vlad kolesnikov @ gmail com
History
2019-05-20: revised
2017-02-16: received
See all versions
Short URL
https://ia.cr/2017/135
License
Creative Commons Attribution
CC BY

BibTeX

@misc{cryptoeprint:2017/135,
      author = {Xiong Fan and Chaya Ganesh and Vladimir Kolesnikov},
      title = {Hashing Garbled Circuits for Free},
      howpublished = {Cryptology ePrint Archive, Paper 2017/135},
      year = {2017},
      note = {\url{https://eprint.iacr.org/2017/135}},
      url = {https://eprint.iacr.org/2017/135}
}
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