### Circuits Resilient to Additive Attacks with Applications to Secure Computation

Daniel Genkin, Yuval Ishai, Manoj M. Prabhakaran, Amit Sahai, and Eran Tromer

##### Abstract

We study the question of protecting arithmetic circuits against additive attacks, which can add an arbitrary fixed value to each wire in the circuit. This extends the notion of algebraic manipulation detection (AMD) codes, which protect information against additive attacks, to that of AMD circuits which protect computation. We present a construction of such AMD circuits: any arithmetic circuit $C$ over a finite field $F$ can be converted into a functionally-equivalent randomized arithmetic circuit $\widehat{C}$ of size $O(|C|)$ that is fault-tolerant in the following sense. For any additive attack on the wires of $\widehat{C}$, its effect on the output of $\widehat{C}$ can be simulated, up to $O(|C|/|F|)$ statistical distance, by an additive attack on just the input and output. Given a small tamper-proof encoder/decoder for AMD codes, the input and output can be protected as well. We also give an alternative construction, applicable to small fields (for example, to protect Boolean circuits against wire-toggling attacks). It uses a small tamper-proof decoder to ensure that, except with negligible failure probability, either the output is correct or tampering is detected. Our study of AMD circuits is motivated by simplifying and improving protocols for secure multiparty computation (MPC). Typically, securing MPC protocols against active adversaries is much more difficult than securing them against passive adversaries. We observe that in simple MPC protocols that were designed to protect circuit evaluation only against passive adversaries, the effect of any active adversary corresponds precisely to an additive attack on the original circuit's wires. Thus, to securely evaluate a circuit $C$ in the presence of active adversaries, it suffices to apply the passive-secure protocol to $\widehat{C}$. We use this methodology to simplify feasibility results and attain efficiency improvements in several standard MPC models.

Available format(s)
Category
Cryptographic protocols
Publication info
Published elsewhere. Major revision.STOC 2014
DOI
10.1145/2591796.2591861
Keywords
fault tolerant circuitssecure computation
Contact author(s)
danielg3 @ cs technion ac il
History
Short URL
https://ia.cr/2015/154

CC BY

BibTeX

@misc{cryptoeprint:2015/154,
author = {Daniel Genkin and Yuval Ishai and Manoj M.  Prabhakaran and Amit Sahai and Eran  Tromer},
title = {Circuits Resilient to Additive Attacks with Applications to Secure Computation},
howpublished = {Cryptology ePrint Archive, Paper 2015/154},
year = {2015},
doi = {10.1145/2591796.2591861},
note = {\url{https://eprint.iacr.org/2015/154}},
url = {https://eprint.iacr.org/2015/154}
}

Note: In order to protect the privacy of readers, eprint.iacr.org does not use cookies or embedded third party content.