## Cryptology ePrint Archive: Report 2012/616

Balancing Output Length and Query Bound in Hardness Preserving Constructions of Pseudorandom Functions

Nishanth Chandran and Sanjam Garg

Abstract: We revisit hardness-preserving constructions of a pseudo-random function (PRF) from any length doubling pseudo-random generator (PRG) when there is a non-trivial upper bound $q$ on the number of queries that the adversary can make to the PRF. Very recently, Jain, Pietrzak, and Tentes (TCC 2012) gave a hardness-preserving construction of a PRF that makes only $O(\log q)$ calls to the underlying PRG when $q = 2^{n^\epsilon}$ and $\epsilon \geq \frac{1}{2}$. This dramatically improves upon the efficiency of the construction of Goldreich, Goldwasser, and Micali (FOCS 1984). However, they explicitly left open the question of whether such constructions exist when $\epsilon < \frac{1}{2}$. In this work, we give constructions of PRFs that make only $O(\log q)$ calls to the underlying PRG when $q = 2^{n^\epsilon}$, for $0<\epsilon<1$; our PRF outputs $O(n^{2\epsilon})$ bits (on every input), as opposed to the construction of Jain {\em et al.} that outputs $n$ bits. That is, our PRF is not length preserving; however it outputs more bits than the PRF of Jain {\em et al.} when $\epsilon>\frac{1}{2}$. We obtain our construction through the use of information-theoretic tools such as {\em almost} $\alpha$-wise independent hash functions coupled with a novel proof strategy.

Category / Keywords: pseudorandom functions, hardness preservation, pseudorandom generators

Original Publication (in the same form): Indocrypt 2014

Date: received 31 Oct 2012, last revised 13 Feb 2015

Contact author: nishanth at cs ucla edu, sanjamg at berkeley edu

Available format(s): PDF | BibTeX Citation

Note: Fixed citations and typos.

Short URL: ia.cr/2012/616

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