Paper 2021/376
On the Impossibility of Post-Quantum Black-Box Zero-Knowledge in Constant Rounds
Nai-Hui Chia and Kai-Min Chung and Qipeng Liu and Takashi Yamakawa
Abstract
We investigate the existence of constant-round post-quantum black-box zero-knowledge protocols for $\mathbf{NP}$. As a main result, we show that there is no constant-round post-quantum black-box zero-knowledge argument for $\mathbf{NP}$ unless $\mathbf{NP}\subseteq \mathbf{BQP}$. As constant-round black-box zero-knowledge arguments for $\mathbf{NP}$ exist in the classical setting, our main result points out a fundamental difference between post-quantum and classical zero-knowledge protocols. Combining previous results, we conclude that unless $\mathbf{NP}\subseteq \mathbf{BQP}$, constant-round post-quantum zero-knowledge protocols for $\mathbf{NP}$ exist if and only if we use non-black-box techniques or relax certain security requirements such as relaxing standard zero-knowledge to $\epsilon$-zero-knowledge. Additionally, we also prove that three-round and public-coin constant-round post-quantum black-box $\epsilon$-zero-knowledge arguments for $\mathbf{NP}$ do not exist unless $\mathbf{NP}\subseteq \mathbf{BQP}$.
Metadata
- Available format(s)
- Category
- Foundations
- Publication info
- Preprint. MINOR revision.
- Keywords
- zero knowledgequantum cryptography
- Contact author(s)
- nchia @ umd edu,kmchung @ iis sinica edu tw,qipengl @ cs princeton edu,takashi yamakawa obf @ gmail com
- History
- 2021-06-14: revised
- 2021-03-22: received
- See all versions
- Short URL
- https://ia.cr/2021/376
- License
-
CC BY