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Paper 2018/840

Universal Proxy Re-Encryption

Nico Döttling and Ryo Nishimaki

Abstract

We put forward the notion of universal proxy re-encryption (UPRE). A UPRE scheme enables us to convert a ciphertext under a (delegator) public key of any existing public-key encryption (PKE) scheme into another ciphertext under a (delegatee) public key of any existing PKE scheme (possibly different from the delegator one). Such a conversion is executed by a third party called proxy that has a re-encryption key generated from the delegator's secret key and the delegatee public key. Proxy re-encryption is a related notion, but it can neither convert ciphertexts into ones of possibly different PKE schemes nor treat general PKE schemes. Our contributions consist of three parts. One is a definitional work. We define the syntax and security of UPRE. Another is showing the (im)possibility of UPRE. We prove that the existence of UPRE implies the existence of average-case virtual black-box obfuscation for all re-encryption circuits. The other is presenting general constructions of UPRE schemes. More precisely, we present three UPRE schemes. One is a UPRE based on probabilistic indistinguishability obfuscation (PIO). It can re-encrypt ciphertexts polynomially many times. To circumvent our impossibility result, we define a notion of relaxed UPRE and show that it can be constructed from garbled circuits (GCs). It can re-encrypt ciphertexts polynomially many times. The relaxed variant means that decryption algorithms for re-encrypted ciphertext are slightly modified though we use only original delegatee secret keys for decryption. Our second construction of relaxed UPRE based on GCs satisfies a stronger security requirement. It can re-encrypt ciphertexts a constant number of times.

Note: Added a negative result on universal proxy re-encryption, improved relaxed universal proxy re-encryption schemes based on garbled circuits (removed OT assumption), removed function secret sharing based scheme (since obsolete). (2019/2/8)

Metadata
Available format(s)
PDF
Category
Public-key cryptography
Publication info
Preprint. MINOR revision.
Keywords
universal proxy re-encryptionproxy re-encryptionpublic-key encryptionsecret sharing
Contact author(s)
ryo nishimaki @ gmail com,nico doettling @ gmail com
History
2021-03-02: last of 5 revisions
2018-09-14: received
See all versions
Short URL
https://ia.cr/2018/840
License
Creative Commons Attribution
CC BY
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