Paper 2014/084

RECTANGLE: A Bit-slice Lightweight Block Cipher Suitable for Multiple Platforms

Wentao Zhang, Zhenzhen Bao, Dongdai Lin, Vincent Rijmen, Bohan Yang, and Ingrid Verbauwhede

Abstract

In this paper, we propose a new lightweight block cipher named RECTANGLE. The main idea of the design of RECTANGLE is to allow lightweight and fast implementations using bit-slice techniques. RECTANGLE uses an SP-network. The substitution layer consists of 16 4 x 4 S-boxes in parallel. The permutation layer is composed of 3 rotations. As shown in this paper, RECTANGLE offers great performance in both hardware and software environment, which provides enough flexibility for different application scenario. The following are 3 main advantages of RECTANGLE. First, RECTANGLE is extremely hardware-friendly. For the 80-bit key version, a one-cycle-per-round parallel implementation only needs 1600 gates for a throughput of 246 Kbits/sec at 100 KHz clock and an energy efficiency of 3.0 pJ/bit. Second, RECTANGLE achieves a very competitive software speed among the existing lightweight block ciphers due to its bit-slice style. Using 128-bit SSE instructions, a bit-slice implementation of RECTANGLE reaches an average encryption speed of about 3.9 cycles/byte for messages around 3000 bytes. Last, but not least, we propose new design criteria for the RECTANGLE S-box. Due to our careful selection of the S-box and the asymmetric design of the permutation layer, RECTANGLE achieves a very good security-performance tradeoff. Our extensive and deep security analysis shows that the highest number of rounds that we can attack, is 18 (out of 25).

Note: We have presented the first version of RECTANGLE in Cryptology ePrint Archive in February 2014. In this new version, we have made two changes. Firstly, the S-box is changed to the inverse S-box of the first version, for a better software performance. Secondly, the key schedule is updated to improve its software performance and resistance against related-key attacks, at the cost of an acceptable increase in hardware area.

Metadata
Available format(s)
PDF
Publication info
Published elsewhere. Major revision. SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences
DOI
10.1007/s11432-015-5459-7
Keywords
lightweight cryptographyblock cipherdesignbit-slicehardware efficiencysoftware efficiency
Contact author(s)
zhangwentao @ iie ac cn
vincent rijmen @ esat kuleuven be
History
2016-01-06: last of 2 revisions
2014-02-07: received
See all versions
Short URL
https://ia.cr/2014/084
License
Creative Commons Attribution
CC BY

BibTeX

@misc{cryptoeprint:2014/084,
      author = {Wentao Zhang and Zhenzhen Bao and Dongdai Lin and Vincent Rijmen and Bohan Yang and Ingrid Verbauwhede},
      title = {RECTANGLE: A Bit-slice Lightweight Block Cipher Suitable for Multiple Platforms},
      howpublished = {Cryptology ePrint Archive, Paper 2014/084},
      year = {2014},
      doi = {10.1007/s11432-015-5459-7},
      note = {\url{https://eprint.iacr.org/2014/084}},
      url = {https://eprint.iacr.org/2014/084}
}
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